幂律过程拟合优度检验的功效比较

幂律过程常被用于描述复杂系统的可靠性增长模型和可修系统的可靠性分析。本文考虑定数截尾场合幂律过程的７种拟合优度检验统计量，在备选假设为对数幂律过程时，比较了这７种检验法的功效。大量随机模拟计算表明，当ｒ在较宽的范围内，Ｆ检验法的功效比其余６种检验法都要高。     

基于模型的载人航天器研制方法研究与实践

载人航天器具有系统规模大、技术难度高、单件小批量、无法通过多次飞行持续完善设计、可靠性要求高等特点。当前载人航天器研制中仍存在着参数化和模型化程度不高、基于模型的系统综合仿真验证不足、研制各环节缺乏数字化集成等问题，传统基于文本的系统工程方法已无法满足研制需求，亟需采用基于模型的系统工程方法。本文针对载人航天器的研制现状和应用需求，提出了面向载人航天器全生命周期的模型体系，定义了需求模型、功能模型、产品模型、工程模型、制造模型、实做模型等六类模型，提出了基于模型的研制流程，包含系统设计闭环验证、产品设计闭环验证、实做产品闭环验证3个验证环节，并深入探索了各研制环节中不同模型间的传递与关联关系。以某型号载人航天器为应用基础，系统地验证了提出的方法。     

层次分析法在飞机维修不安全事件影响因素评价中的应用

对飞机维修不安全事件的影响因素进行层次分解,构建层次矩阵;利用德尔菲法,导入不安全事件调查分析专家组成员对不安全事件的判断;结合层次分析法(AHP)对不安全事件影响因素进行定性和定量的评价。     

基于单代号网络的银行家算法

通过对银行家算法的分析,提出单代号网络的进程安全状态序列的改进算法-基于单代号网络的银行家算法,并通过具体的示例实现此算法。     

基于大规模定制的产品建模技术及配置过程研究

分析了三种主要的生产模式及其演变,在分析产品族结构形成过程的基础上提出基于配置单元的产品族结构模型,并对配置单元进行了论述。给出实现配置过程的算法并用实例进行验证。     

焊接过程电信号在线监测研究现状及发展趋势

详细介绍了各种在线监测和分析方法在焊接过程电信号监测以及焊接质量评估中的应用，分析每一种在线监测方法的特点和焊接质量方面的应用现状。对各种在线监测方法在焊接质量监测中应用的发展趋势进行了分析和预测。     

Using the MIR bands in vegetation indices for the estimation of grassland biophysical parameters from satellite remote sensing in the Alps region of Trentino (Italy)

Development of new methods for estimating biophysical parameters can be considered one of the most important targets for the improvement of grassland parameters estimation at full canopy cover. In fact, accurate assessment methods of biophysical characteristics of vegetation are needed in order to avoid the uncertainties of carbon terrestrial sinks.

Remote sensing is a valid tool for scaling up ecosystem measurements towards landscape levels serving a wide range of applications, many of them being related to carbon-cycle models. The aim of this study was to test the suitability of satellite platform sensors in estimating grassland biophysical parameters such as LAI, biomass, phytomass, and Green herbage ratio (GR). Also, we wanted to compare some of the most common NIR and red/green-based vegetation indices with ones that also make use of the MIR band, in relation to their ability to predict grassland biophysical parameters.

Ground-truth measurements were taken on July 2003 and 2004 on the Monte Bondone plateau (Italian Alps, Trento district) in grasslands varying in land use and management intensities. From satellite platforms, an IRS-1C-LISS III image (18/07/2003; 25 m resolution in the visible-NIR and 70 m resolution in the MIR) and a SPOT 5 image (27/07/2004, 10 m resolution in the visible-NIR and MIR) were used.

LAI, biomass, and phytomass measurements showed logarithmic relationships with the investigated NIR and red/green-based indices. GreenNDVI showed the highest R² values (0.59, IRS 2003; 0.60, SPOT 2004). Index saturation occurred above approximately 100–150 g m⁻² of biomass (LAI 1.5–2). On the other hand, GR relationships were shown to be linear. MIR-based indices performed better than NIR and red/green-based ones in estimating biophysical variables, with no saturation effect. Biomass showed a linear regression with Canopy Index (MIR/green ratio) and with the Normalised Canopy Index (NCI) calculated as a normalised difference between MIR and green bands (IRS: R² = 0.91 and 0.90, respectively. SPOT: R² = 0.63 and 0.64). Similar correlations could also be found for LAI and phytomass, and GR predictability was shown to be higher than NDVI and GreenNDVI. According to these results obtained in the investigated areas, phytomass, biomass, LAI, and GR are linearly correlated with the investigated MIR band indices and as a result, these parameters could be estimated from the adopted satellite platforms with limited saturation problems.     

Comparison of ionospheric F2 peak parameters foF2 and hmF2 with IRI2001 at Hainan

Monthly median values of foF2, hmF2 and M(3000)F2 parameters, with quarter-hourly time interval resolution for the diurnal variation, obtained with DPS4 digisonde at Hainan (19.5°N, 109.1°E; Geomagnetic coordinates: 178.95°E, 8.1°N) are used to investigate the low-latitude ionospheric variations and comparisons with the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model predictions. The data used for the present study covers the period from February 2002 to April 2007, which is characterized by a wide range of solar activity, ranging from high solar activity (2002) to low solar activity (2007). The results show that (1) Generally, IRI predictions follow well the diurnal and seasonal variation patterns of the experimental values of foF2, especially in the summer of 2002. However, there are systematic deviation between experimental values and IRI predictions with either CCIR or URSI coefficients. Generally IRI model greatly underestimate the values of foF2 from about noon to sunrise of next day, especially in the afternoon, and slightly overestimate them from sunrise to about noon. It seems that there are bigger deviations between IRI Model predictions and the experimental observations for the moderate solar activity. (2) Generally the IRI-predicted hmF2 values using CCIR M(3000)F2 option shows a poor agreement with the experimental results, but there is a relatively good agreement in summer at low solar activity. The deviation between the IRI-predicted hmF2 using CCIR M(3000)F2 and observed hmF2 is bigger from noon to sunset and around sunrise especially at high solar activity. The occurrence time of hmF2 peak (about 1200 LT) of the IRI model predictions is earlier than that of observations (around 1500 LT). The agreement between the IRI hmF2 obtained with the measured M(3000)F2 and the observed hmF2 is very good except that IRI overestimates slightly hmF2 in the daytime in summer at high solar activity and underestimates it in the nighttime with lower values near sunrise at low solar activity.     

导弹撞地概率对参数选择的影响

研究了巡航导弹的撞地概率和系统参数选择的关系问题。首先在考虑了地形随机输入和低空风随机干扰共同作用的情况下，推导了撞地概率的计算方法。其次以导弹主要参数（ａ２４和Ｋｈ）的选择为例，在给定条件下求出了它们和撞地概率的关系曲线，并分析了它们对撞地概率的影响。研究结果表明，协调选择ａ２４和Ｋｈ等参数，能有效降低撞地概率，提高巡航导弹的作战效能。     

2级脉冲爆震发动机中超声速射流对撞诱导激波聚焦试验研究

为研究2-St age PDE中连续超声速射流及结构参数对撞诱导激波聚焦的影响规律,在冷态条件下开展了2-St age PDE中连续超声速射流对撞诱导激波聚焦的试验。分析了喷口宽度、导流环深度、凹面腔开口端与喷管间距、尾喷管角度、射流入射压力等参数对凹面腔底部峰值压力的影响。结果表明:喷口宽度、导流环深度、凹面腔开口端与喷口间距、射流入射压力越大,凹面腔底部峰值压力越大,激波聚焦效果越好;尾喷管角度越大,凹面腔底部峰值压力越小,激波聚焦效果越差;喷口宽度、导流环深度、射流入射压力对激波聚焦的影响较大。